A cardiac arrest and a heart attack are often confused with each other, but they are two different situations. In a cardiac arrest, the heart stops pumping. This is caused by an electrical malfunction of the heart. In a heart attack, the heart's artery is blocked. This causes a lack of oxygen and damages the heart. In a heart attack, the heart usually does not stop beating.

In case of cardiac arrest*, an electrical malfunction of the heart causes it to stop pumping. Without prompt intervention, the victim will die from this.

In common parlance, people often speak of a ‘cardiac arrest’. Officially, it is referred to as circulatory arrest, because the heart is still beating (chaotically), but is no longer pumping blood.

Symptoms of cardiac arrest

The symptoms of cardiac arrest usually appear suddenly. Common signs include:

• someone suddenly collapses
• unconsciousness
• no normal breathing or only gasping
• no reaction when you address someone or shake their shoulders

Do you recognize these signs? Call 112 immediately!

What to do in case of cardiac arrest?

Acting quickly can save lives. Follow these steps:

1. Call 112 directly.
2. Start CPR.
3. Use an AED as soon as it is available.

An AED analyzes the heart rhythm and provides spoken instructions. The device determines for itself whether a shock is necessary.

Important: In case of cardiac arrest, you must always perform CPR, even if an AED does not advise a shock!

In case of a heart attack, the heart arteries are (partially or completely) blocked. This causes a part of the heart muscle to receive too little oxygen. Medical help is needed to resolve this blockage. The longer it takes to start treatment, the greater the damage to the heart.

The symptoms of a heart attack can vary from person to person. As a result, it is sometimes difficult to recognize a heart attack.

Common complaints include:

• chest pain or pressure
• back, jaw, arm, or shoulder pain
• nausea or vomiting
• cold sweat
• shortness of breath

The complaints can arise suddenly, but sometimes they can be present for hours, days, or even weeks before the infarction occurs.

Doubting? Always call 112!

There is no difference between a heart attack and a myocardial infarction. These two terms mean the same thing.

Do you think someone is having a heart attack? Then act quickly.

1. Call 112 directly.
2. Stay with the victim and reassure him or her.
3. If someone becomes unconscious, start resuscitation immediately, and have someone get an AED.